Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Federal Law And The U.s. Constitution Essay - 836 Words

o U.S. Constitution Under the application of Federal Law and the U.S. Constitution it has been specifically addressed that a fetus has not been granted the rights and privileges of a person. The topic in itself is highly controversial with arguments originating on both sides of the discussion platform. Legal civil liberties have focused on the rights and privileges of the mother. Components of the U.S. Constitution that would have a direct bearing in formulating a reasonable course of action would entail acknowledging the impact of: ï‚ § Due Process ï‚ § Privacy Laws Rights that are afforded by the U.S. Constitution would specifically address the rights of the mother in question. Consequently, while there is no direct legislation contained within the document that is considered the rule of the land, statues have been created at the state level that vary from state-to-state in regards to the topic at hand. o Federal Law Federal Law has been based on a wide-range of opinions arising from within the judicial system. An interesting point of view is offered from the Center for Reproductive Rights in an article titled: Punishing Women for Their Behavior During Pregnancy. ï‚ § â€Å"In 21 of the 22 states in which women have challenged their charges, courts have rejected those charges or reversed penalties imposed on women for their behavior during pregnancy. These courts, which include the Supreme Courts of Florida, Kentucky, Nevada, Ohio and Wyoming have held that prosecutions under existingShow MoreRelatedU.s. Constitution Vs. Georgia Constitution859 Words   |  4 PagesU.S. Constitution vs. Georgia Constitution Bill of Rights A Bill of Rights recognizes and lists the rights individuals have and protects those rights from governmental interference, unless of course there is a valid reason for government action to take place. While the Bill of Rights for the Georgia Constitution and the United States Constitution do just that, they do have some distinctive similarities and differences. For example, the major difference I see is the fact that the Georgia Bill ofRead MoreThe State Of The Texas Constitution1241 Words   |  5 Pages The Texas constitution is one of the oldest constitutions which was initially adopted in 1876. Since the adoption of the Texas Constitution, the Legislature has proposed 662 amendments. Out of these amendments, the electorate has approved 483 while the voters majority has defeated 179. From the many modifications and many more proposals pending or that are yet to come, it is evident that the Texas Constitution is not a perfect one as many other constitutions of individual states. As arguedRead MoreContrasts and Comparisons Between State and Federal Court Systems773 Words   |  4 PagesThe federal system of government in the United States shares power between the federal government and the state governments. Our political system dictates that both the federal government and each of the state governments have their own court systems. Therefore, while the Constitution states that the federal government is supreme with regard to those powers delegated to it, the states remain supreme in matters reserved to them. Both the federal and state governments need their own court systems toRead MoreGovernment Power and Authorities1111 Words   |  5 Pagesand Separation of Powers, Identify the Major Sources of State and Federal authorities explicit to the Constitution, and explain why the division of powers architecture was important to the Framers. Federalism is the division of Governmental powers and authorities between the State and Federal Governments. Separation of Powers is not actually labeled or defined within the constitution. However, the Framers of the constitution found â€Å"to avoid tyranny, a separation or division of authority mustRead MoreThe Supremacy Clause Is The Clause That Establishes The Federal Government s Authority Over State Governments1521 Words   |  7 PagesSupremacy Clause Matthew Newkirk Constitutional Law Mr. Timothy Allmond Wiregrass Georgia Technical College November 19, 2015 â€Æ' Abstract The Supremacy Clause is the clause that establishes the federal government’s authority over state governments. The Supremacy Clause is found in the U.S. Constitution in Clause Two of Article Six. This Clause upholds the United States Constitution, federal statutes, and treaties as the supreme law of the land. Federal law’s supremacy applies only if Congress is actingRead MoreThe United States Governmental System1217 Words   |  5 Pagesunique aspects of the U.S governmental system is the Bicameral structure which consists of the Federal Government and the State Government. When the framers of the United States Constitution collaborated to make the U.S governmental system they wanted to insure that there was a separation of powers to prevent tyranny, as a result of this state law and federal law was developed. There are many differences and similarities between federal law and state law. In general federal law has jurisdiction overRead MoreThe Supreme Court System Of T he United States1069 Words   |  5 Pagesthe U.S. Constitution, was framed a national system of government with 3 distinct branches: the judiciary, executive and legislative. The legislative branch makes the laws by statute. The judiciary interprets the law and the highest judiciary, the U.S. Supreme Court, is the preeminent and final elucidator of the law. The judiciary encompasses the federal court system, where the U.S. Supreme Court stands at the very top of the judiciary hierarchy. Congress was empowered to create lower federal courtsRead MoreThe Supreme Law Of The Land Granting Shared Power Between The Federal And State System959 Words   |  4 PagesThe United States has a federal court system and fifty state court systems, with each system having its own organization, structure, and jurisdiction. The U.S. Constitution is the supreme law of the land granting shared power between the federal government and the state governments. In common, all systems are multi-tiered; â€Å"predominantly hierarchical in structure (trial courts are first level, and appellate courts sit above them in successive or ascending tiers) (Banks and O Brien 132)†; and theyRead MoreThe No Child Left Behind Act895 Words   |  4 Pageshave the right to ignore federal laws that they do not want to follow,† have followers that disagree that states need more authority to avoid the federal government from commanding policies they go up against; the Tenth Amendment presents a c onstitutional foundation for affirming that power. Today, opponents dispute, that federal power has decreased to weak levels, threatening individual liberties and making state rights that much more vital as an necessary defense to federal misuse of power. OpponentsRead MoreA Discussion Of Constitutional Law And Its Relationship With Education1031 Words   |  5 PagesConstitutional Law and Its Relationship with Education Education is not explicitly mentioned in the United States Constitution, but instead, education is one of the powers reserved to the states. Power not specifically given to the federal government is reserved for the states through the Tenth Amendment of the Unites States Constitution. Therefore, states have plenary, or absolute, power in the area of education. While states may hold this reserved power, with regard to education the federal government

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Dust Bowl Essay - 1233 Words

The Dust Bowl was a treacherous storm, which occurred in the 1930s, that affected the midwestern people, for example the farmers, and which taught us new technologies and methods of farming. As John Steinbeck wrote in his 1939 novel The Grapes of Wrath: And then the dispossessed were drawn west- from Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico; from Nevada and Arkansas, families, tribes, dusted out. Carloads, caravans, homeless and hungry; twenty thousand and fifty thousand and a hundred thousand and two hundred thousand. They streamed over the mountains, hungry and restless - restless as ants, scurrying to find work to do - to lift, to push, to pull, to pick, to cut - anything, any burden to bear, for food. The kids are hungry. We got no place†¦show more content†¦But to the credit of the residents of the Dust Bowl, they shouldered their task and carried on. The people of the region made it because they knew how to take the everyday practical things, which had been used for years a nd adapt them to meet the crisis. Finding a way to make do or do differently was a way of life for the pioneers who had come to the region only a short time earlier. When they arrived there were no houses, wells, cars, telephones or fields. Times were hard when the land was settled, and the people knew how to live and grow in difficult periods. In 1934-1936 the actual Dust Bowl happened. This was when the massive and deadly storms hit the prosper and growing Midwest Panhandle. In 1936, a more severe storm spread out of the plains and across most of the nation. The drought years were followed with record breaking heavy rains, blizzards, tornadoes and floods. In September 1930, it rained over five inches in a very short time in the Oklahoma Panhandle. The flooding in Oklahoma was accompanied by a dirt storm, which damaged several small buildings and other farm structures. Later that year, the regions were hit again by a strong dirt storm from the southwest until the winds gave way to a blizzard from the north. After the blizzards in winter 1930-1931, the drought began. First the northern plains were hit by the dry spell, but by July the southern plains were in the drought. It was not until late September thatShow MoreRelatedThe Dust Bowl Essay1436 Words   |  6 PagesOklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, and New Mexico—the Dust Bowl was a time where over 100 million acres of topsoil were stripped from fertile fields leaving nothing but barren lands and piles of dust everywhere (Ganzel). While things were done to alleviate the problem, one must question whether or not anyone has learned from this disaster. If not, one must look into the possibility that the United States may be struck by such a destructive drought as the Dust Bowl, if not a worse one that would leave us withRead MoreThe Dust Bowl Essay1038 Words   |  5 PagesThe Dust Bowl The Dust Bowl was the darkest moment in the twentieth-century life of the southern plains, (pg. 4) as described by Donald Worster in his book The Dust Bowl. It was a time of drought, famine, and poverty that existed in the 1930s. Its cause, as Worster presents in a very thorough manner, was a chain of events that was perpetuated by the basic capitalistic societys need for expansion and consumption. Considered by some as one of the worst ecological catastrophes in theRead More Dust Bowl Essay915 Words   |  4 Pagesanswers.com, a dust bowl is a region reduced to aridity by drought and dust storms. The best-known dust bowl is doubtless the one that hit the United States between 1933 and 1939. One major cause of that Dust Bowl was severe droughts during the 1930’s. The other cause was capitalism. Over-farming and grazing in order to achieve high profits killed of much of the plain’s grassland and when winds approached, nothing was there to hold the devastated soil on the ground. The Dust Bowl affected the GreatRead MoreThe Dust Bowl and Agriculture Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pages One has not experienced the life of living in dirt until he has been in the dust bowl. It was a decade-long dust storm that impacted hundreds of farmers and their farmlands. Hardship was among one of the influences of the storm, which affected both farm workers and city folks. The storm also brought the elements of destruction and darkness, which reigned chaos across the Plains. Together, these issues gave the storm its popular name, â€Å"black blizzard† (Documentary, 2014). Such a name was given dueRead MoreWhat Caused The Dust Bowl? Essay2374 Words   |  10 Pagesthe Dust Bowl? One of America’s most beloved books is John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath. The book portrays a family, the Joads, who leave Oklahoma and move to California in search of a more prosperous life. Steinbeck’s book garnered acclaim both from critics and from the American public. The story struck a chord with the American people because Steinbeck truly captured the angst and heartbreak of those directly impacted by the Dust Bowl disaster. To truly comprehend the havoc the Dust Bowl wreakedRead MoreThe Drought: Surviving the Dust Bowl Essay3415 Words   |  14 Pageswhile the door smacked the frame. Everywhere the eye looked there was dust, no green grass, no fields of wheat just dirt and dust as far as one could see. Inside the house the dust crept through the cracks, got on the furniture, dishes, in food, and on the beds. Even the very act of breathing was difficult as the dust violated the nose and lungs. It irritated the eyes and ears with no relief. There w as no escaping the dust, the wind—it was a constant state of dirt. A beautiful prairie in whichRead More John Steinbeck: Experiencing the Dust Bowl Essay1346 Words   |  6 Pages The 1930’s were a decade of great change politically, economically, and socially. The Great Depression and the Dust Bowl wore raw the nerves of the people, and our true strength was shown. From it arose John Steinbeck, a storyteller of the Okies and their hardships. His books, especially The Grapes of Wrath, are reflections of what really went on in the 1930’s. John Steinbeck did not write about what he had previously read, he instead wrote what he experienced through his travels with the migrantRead MoreDust Bowl Bt Donald Worster Essay764 Words   |  4 PagesDust Bowl: Donald Worster The 1930s are a decade marked by devastation; the nation was in an economic crisis, millions of people were going hungry, and jobless. America was going through some dark times. But if you were living in Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas (or any of those surrounding states) you had bigger things on your mind than being denied the money in your bank account. From 1935-1939 Winds and dust storms had left a good portion of our country desolate; however our author takes a slightlyRead MoreJohn Steinbeck: Experiencing the Dust Bowl Essay1364 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1930s were a decade of great change politically, economically, and socially. The Great Depression and the Dust Bowl wore raw the nerves of the people, and our true strength was shown. From it arose John Steinbeck, a storyteller of the Okies and their hardships. His books, especially The Grapes of Wrath, are reflections of what really went on in the 1930s. John Steinbeck did not write about what he had previously read, he instead wrot e what he experienced through his travels with the migrantRead MoreEssay about The Dust Bowl in John Steinbeck ´s The Grapes of Wrath845 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Steinbeck’s acclaimed novel, The Grapes of Wrath, embodies his generation’s horrific tragedy. John Steinbeck’s writing gives insight on the devastating effects of the Dust Bowl on thousands of families and those who helped them. While Steinbecks novel focuses on the Joads family journey, he also includes writing of the general struggle of many families at the time. In John Steinbecks novel, The Grapes of Wrath, the usage of the term â€Å"Okies† degrades the workers, while the personification

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Energy Harvesting Wireless Communications †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Energy Harvesting Wireless Communications? Answer: Introducation Data Encryption Standard (DES) ciphers was approved as one of the standard. It is identified that data encryption standard algorithm (DEA) is one of the network block cipher that mainly utilizes key length of 56 bit and 64 bit block size. DES cipher is one of the standards among various governments all around the world including the U.S government until it became possible to crack in less than 24 hours by utilizing brute force attacks (Hassan Bach, 2014). Therefore, DES is considered outdated as well as less secured. It is very much important to improve DES. In order to improve the problem, due to which DES is considered outdated, Triple Data Encryption Standard is created. The previous 64 bits keys of DES are now replaced with the help of 192 keys, which are three much as compared to DEA (Zahurul et al., 2016). This longer length of the key helps in providing proper defense against brute attack of force and despite of cracking it theoretically, it is not much practical to crack the entire TDES by utilizing appropriate modern technology. Thus, it is identified that a reputation of being secure helps in making it much more popular for financial transactions. On the other hand, generalized DES scheme is one of the variant of DES that is mainly designed in the intention of speeding the entire process of encryption while improving the security. It mainly helps in generalizing that Feistel network structure that is related with DES uses larger block sizes (Zhang et al., 2014). In each of the round, the DES round function is mainly applied to the rightmost block and therefore it is XORED with other parts. Then the entire block is rotated 32 bits to the right. The G-DES scheme mainly comprises of sub block that are mainly chained with the help of XORS. It mainly follows rotation to the right of the block for the next turn. Thus, it is identified that G-DES can helps in processing larger number of bits to the original number of calls to DES. It is identified that G-DES is very much robust variant as compared to DES and thus it increases the speed in context to encryption at the expense of security. Research security challenges for the two examples of WPAN technologies A wireless personal area network (WPAN) is one of the personal, short distance area networks that help in interconnecting devices that are generally centered on an individuals workplace. It is identified that the most common examples of WPAN technologies are Bluetooth and Zigbee. The security challenges for the two examples of WPAN technologies are provided below: Security challenges for Bluetooth: The security issues that are related with Bluetooth must be taken into serious consideration. The most significant risk that is present within the wireless technology is that the medium of underlying communication is open for everyone including intruders as well as authentic users (Misra et al., 2015). Therefore, the intruders can utilize the Bluetooth technology for getting access. It is identified that number of malicious entities generally gains unauthorized access with the help of wireless connections, bypassing any of the wireless protection. The malicious entities can be able to violate the legitimate privacy of the various users and can be able to track their activities (Sagstetter et al., 2013). If the attackers connect their headset with the help of mobile phone and hacks the frequency then they can be able to bug any individuals phone and as a result the person will face problem. The other type of security issues that are related with Blue tooth include denial of service attacks, eavesdropping as well as resource misappropriation. It is found that viruses as well as other malicious code can also corrupt data on the wireless device like Bluetooth when they are introduced to a wired network. Security challenges of Zigbee: There are number of security concerns that are related with Zigbee protocol. The first vulnerability that is related with Zigbee network is key distribution as various security keys are mainly transmitted either into the devices or over the air in a quite unsecure way (Barki et al., 2016). By utilizing high security level, the various network key that is encrypted as well as transmitted uses master key that is shared among different nodes. Thus, it creates entrusted relationship between various communication devices within the network. Another security weakness that is related with Zigbee model is that the forward requirement of security is not addressed appropriately. It is identified that in Zigbee enabled systems number of security vulnerabilities are identified (Lee et al., 2014). The main weaknesses in the security mechanism of Zigbee are directly derived from various limited resources, as majority of them are battery powered with little computing power as well as memory. Critical reflection on Energy Harvest I have identified that recently, the wireless sensor networks have attracted the attention of many due to the presence of pervasive nature and the capability of their deployment in various fields including cyber physical system, internet of things as well as in various emerging areas. It is analyzed by me that the limited energy association that is present within the WSNs creates major bottleneck within the technologies that are related with WSN. In order to overcome, the limitation, both the design as well as development, harvesting system related with WSN is utilized and it is found that the systems are very much efficient as well as high performing. The current state of the wireless network is mainly comprises of various energy harvesting nodes starting from performance limit of theoretic information to different transmission scheduling procedures. It is identified that various self-sustaining network related with harvesting wireless is considered as they mainly covers both the en ergy cooperation aspects and information transfer. I have found that number of potential models helps in reviewing the consumption of nodes within the energy harvesting at various network scales. A comprehensive taxonomy of different sources of energy harvesting is utilized generally with the help of WSNs. In order to maximize the capacity of energy harvesting within WSN, various energy prediction models are required. I have analyzed that the widespread utilization of various wireless sensors as well as the management of energy resources are researched. Wireless sensors mainly utilize batteries for supplying power but in some of the application, it is identified by me that the replacement of battery can become cumbersome and it mainly requires lot of time. Both this factor can hamper or affect the entire monitoring of the procedure. It is very much important to harvest the energy from various sources in nature for wireless sensors. Alternative sources of energy can be utilized for addressing the feasibility of the various wireless networks as well as wireless sensor. Finally, I have found that energy harvesting deals with number of challenges that needs to be resolved as soon as possible. This help in enhancing as well as developing cost-effectiveness, reliability, efficiency as well as energy harvesting for WSN environment. References Barki, A., Bouabdallah, A., Gharout, S., Traor, J. (2016). M2M security: Challenges and solutions.IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials,18(2), 1241-1254. Hassan, A., Bach, C. (2014, April). WiMAX Basics From Deployments to PHY Improvements. ASEE. Lee, C., Zappaterra, L., Choi, K., Choi, H. A. (2014, October). Securing smart home: Technologies, security challenges, and security requirements. InCommunications and Network Security (CNS), 2014 IEEE Conference on(pp. 67-72). IEEE. Lu, X., Wang, P., Niyato, D., Hossain, E. (2014). Dynamic spectrum access in cognitive radio networks with RF energy harvesting.IEEE Wireless Communications,21(3), 102-110. Misra, P., Raza, S., Rajaraman, V., Warrior, J., Voigt, T. (2015). Security challenges in indoor location sensing using bluetooth LE broadcast.ewsn 2015, 11. Rodriguez, A. N., Cruz, F. R. G., Ramos, R. Z. (2015). Design of 900 Mhz AC to DC converter using native Cmos device of TSMC 0.18 micron technology for RF energy harvest application.Univers J Electr Electron Eng,3(7). Sagstetter, F., Lukasiewycz, M., Steinhorst, S., Wolf, M., Bouard, A., Harris, W. R., ... Chakraborty, S. (2013, March). Security challenges in automotive hardware/software architecture design. InProceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe(pp. 458-463). EDA Consortium. Shaikh, Faisal Karim, and Sherali Zeadally. "Energy harvesting in wireless sensor networks: A comprehensive review." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 55 (2016): 1041-1054. Ulukus, Sennur, et al. "Energy harvesting wireless communications: A review of recent advances." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 33.3 (2015): 360-381. Zahurul, S., Mariun, N., Grozescu, I. V., Tsuyoshi, H., Mitani, Y., Othman, M. L., ... Abidin, I. Z. (2016). Future strategic plan analysis for integrating distributed renewable generation to smart grid through wireless sensor network: Malaysia prospect.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,53, 978-992. Zhang, L., Afanasyev, A., Burke, J., Jacobson, V., Crowley, P., Papadopoulos, C., ... Zhang, B. (2014). Named data networking.ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review,44(3), 66-73.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Using your analysis of Shakespeares text, suggest ways in which act 3 scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet could be performed Essay Example For Students

Using your analysis of Shakespeares text, suggest ways in which act 3 scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet could be performed Essay Romeo and Juliet is about two feuding families, the Montagues and the Capulets. The Montagues son, Romeo and the Capulets daughter Juliet fall in love with one another, however their love for one another must be concealed as the families would not approve. The beginning of Act 3 Scene 5 is set on the balcony of Juliets bedroom in the family house situated in Verona, Italy. This version of the play will be set in the same period as when it was written. The clothes that Romeo and Juliet wear are made of rich materials. Romeo will wear a frilly shirt, waistcoat, tight leggings and a sheet of material draped over his shoulders held in place by a gold brooch. Juliet is wearing a white silky bed gown in this scene due to the fact that she has just woken up. We will write a custom essay on Using your analysis of Shakespeares text, suggest ways in which act 3 scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet could be performed specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Juliets bedroom is decorated in dark terracotta with a large, dark brown, oak sleigh bed in the centre of the room with elegant materials covering the bed such as silk and linens. Also over the top of the bed is a canopy, once again dark and rich materials, to symbolise her familys wealth. Around the room there is dark furniture to match the bed, such as a dressing table with a large ovular gold rimmed mirror, and dark floor to ceiling wardrobes that have large panes of mirrors embedded into the doors. Juliets bedroom is raised on a separate level to the stage some six foot high to show to the audience Juliets bedroom is on the second floor of the house. There will be left two or three metres to the front of the stage for Romeo to be able manoeuvre his way off the main stage half way through the scene. The audience would also be raised for them to get the best possible view. The balcony is to the left hand side of the raised platform yet still facing the audience, facing where the sun would rise from, with outward opening, white French doors, to enhance the heavenly feeling at the beginning of this scene, with dark lengthy curtains on the inside. The balcony is just high enough for Romeo to lower himself down before a small drop off from the balcony. At the beginning of this scene Romeo would have one leg hooked over the edge of the balcony and be sat with his back up against the wall of the house. The bricks used for the outer walls of the house will be large with a coarse surface and be neutral colours such as magnolia, creams and whites, once again to enhance the calmness of this part of the scene as they have just woken up and the sun is rising. Juliet will be cuddled up to Romeo and Romeo will have his arm around Juliet. Romeo will be wearing leggings and a frilly shirt only half buttoned up and has some shoes on unlaced to show that he has just got up yet still ready to leave. They speak to each other in a heavenly and softly tone of voice, almost like a whisper, as if they wouldnt want anybody to hear them. They will be talking to each other about Romeo having to leave. Juliet will be talking in this tone of voice, as she is trying to persuade Romeo as well as herself that they need to spend more time together. She pleads with him not to go by saying, Wilt thou be gone? It is not yet near day: It was the nightingale, and not the lark. The lark represents daylight and in this case daylight is a bad thing, and therefore contrasts their relationship before they were married as light was seen as a good thing. Daylight is what separates them. In Act 2 scene to light is referred to as a beautiful thing as Romeo refers Juliet to the light, Juliet is the sun and Arise fair sun, and kill the envious moon. However, when it is dark outside Romeo and Juliet refer to daylight, this is very powerful imagery. Here Romeo talks about how great daylight is however later on in Act 3 scene 5 he would rather it stay dark so he can spend more time with his beloved wife. Juliet could show this by sobbing. For effect I would play music that sounds like the lark and tranquil music that you would associate with the sun rising, to help set the scene and I would fade in light throughout the scene to symbolise the sun rising. As it is a garden balcony I would include lot of pink and red flowers as to enhance the romantic nature of the scene. However, Romeo has sense of reality and as he says he must leave if he is to stay alive, he gives Juliet a reassuring look trying to comfort her and he holds her in his arms to prevent her from bursting into tears. However Romeo has a sense of reality and knows what the consequences would be if he were to stay. It was the larkor stay and die This shows how immature Juliet is compared with how mature Romeo is. This immaturity can also portray to the audience her age, as she is still only a child. When he says to Juliet, .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 , .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 .postImageUrl , .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 , .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1:hover , .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1:visited , .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1:active { border:0!important; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1:active , .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1 .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2d59feecacc26afee43b4b3cfe7d82d1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sheila Birling Character Analysis EssayLets talk, it is not day She has a sudden change of mind telling him he must go, in a much more hurried manner of voice giving him a small nudge before saying, Some say, the lark makes sweet division: This doth not so: for she divideth us The word division is a play on words as it has two meanings, the first one being sweet tune however it can also mean to separate which is what is happening to Romeo and Juliet. This is irony, because the lark is seen as a beautiful bird however Juliet is saying she hates it because it is splitting them up. Earlier in the play their love for one another was referred to being like animals which shows how natural their love for each other is to the audience. Juliet then says So now be gone, more light and light it grows And Romeo then replies with More light and light, more dark and dark our woes At this point the nurse hurriedly enters the scene through two, large, heavy, oak, double doors, opposite the entrance onto the balcony, wearing a traditional maids outfit, in a concerned manner she forewarns the young lovers that Juliets mother is coming, This once again stresses how bad daylight is by saying the lighter it gets the more dangerous it becomes for them. Also both young lovers are now beginning to realise the danger of their actions. Then Juliet says Then window let day in, let out life This is the last time Juliet sees Romeo alive however she does not know this. This is ironic because fate is slowly creeping in and shows how their relationship is doomed to failure. Your lady mother is coming to your chamber After she has said her lines she rushes off back through the double doors. To create tension in the room, movements would be rushed, Juliet would spring to her feet and this would be Romeos cue to leave. He will swing his legs over the side of the balcony and come to Juliet for one final kiss before he quickly jumps over the balcony. Then Juliet says leaning over her balcony Art thou gone so love, ay husband, friend, This line shows to the audience how much respect Juliet has for Romeo, as Juliet says that she needs him to live. She also says I shall be much in years every minute they are apart it will seem like years to her. Romeo makes her feel better by telling her he will take every opportunity to write and tell her all. I will omit no opportunity, that may convey my greetings love to thee There is a big contrast as Romeo addresses Juliet with great optimism. When they are together when they are older and they look back on their woes, they will just seem stupid and laugh. However this doesnt calm Juliet down, and she has a vision of Romeo lying dead in a tomb. At this point, the play begins to gather momentum and the audience is given a clue as to how the play will end. From the garden filled with pink and red flowers, Romeo says his good byes whilst looking amorously up at her. At this point Juliet exits the balcony willing his return. O Fortune, O FortuneBut send him back She will say these lines very quietly looking up to the sky as if she is talking to God before looking back at Romeo. During her lines she bursts into tears and when finished she puts her hand over her mouth attempting to try and muffle the sound of her cries. At this point there would be a gentle tap on her bedroom door. Juliet exits the balcony whilst drying the tears with the bottom of her bed gown. Lady Capulet will enter the room in a sedate manner dressed in a dark blue dress which emphasises how cold a person she turns out to be. The Nurse sheepishly follows Lady Capulet into the room. When Lady Capulet asks how her daughter is, Juliet gets back into bed and hides under her sheets and says, Madam, I am not well. At this point Lady Capulet tells Juliet to stop sniffling. Lady Capulet thinks she is unhappy because Romeo has killed her cousin Tybalt and that she too wants Romeo dead. Lady Capulet tells Juliet to stop grieving as it will not bring Tybalt back and she then in a threatening manner explains how she will put and end to Romeo to put an end to Romeo herself. We will have vengeance for it, fear thou not Shall give him such an unaccustomd dram, he will soon be keeping Tybalt company. Once again it gives the audience an insight into the imminent death of Romeo. The words she uses are ironic as dram also means poison and this is what Romeo dies as a result of. Juliet looks away when her mother talks badly of Romeo, with a menacing look in her eye she concludes, That is because the traitor murderer lives Juliet appears confused, as she is not used to this type of attention from her mother. The tone in Lady Capulets voice changes when she tells Juliet of some supposedly good news, .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d , .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d .postImageUrl , .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d , .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d:hover , .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d:visited , .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d:active { border:0!important; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d:active , .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufe710623e6ba32885454d1c2e56e799d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: John Proctor Character AnalysisMarry my child early next Thurs day morn Juliet appears distraught and refuses her mothers request, adamantly saying, I will not marry yet, and when I do, I swear It shall be Romeo, whom you know I hate Rather than Paris Juliet is acting like a spoilt teenager, stamping her feet, in an attempt to get her own way. Then Capulet makes his entrance pushing both of the double doors wide apart to show to the audience his importance. He strides authoritatively across the stage. The type of clothes Capulet wears are similar to the clothes that Lady Capulet wears, dark purple robes to symbolise how cold a person he his like his wife. When her father enters Juliet tries to get him on her side begging him on her knees to hear her out, Good father, I beseech you on my knees Hear with me your patience but to speak a word Capulet is having none of it, She begins to cry and he flies into a rage and tells her she will do as she is told. To help portray his rage he throws ornaments and glass objects at walls smashing them in to pieces.Also during his three major speeches he would shout his lines at her face shaking her by the arms as if he is trying to shake some sense into her. When he first enters, he appears moved by Juliets tears, What still in tears, evermore showering in one little body and asks his wife if she has given Juliet the good news, How wife, have you delivered to her our decree? His wife replies with, Ay sir, but she will none Capulet is angry at this news and aggressively and with disbelief asks, How will she none? Doth she not give us thanks? Is she not proud? Juliet replies sheepishly, wary of her fathers wrath, Not proud you have, but thankful that you have Capulets anger is rising and he forcefully orders her But fettle your fine jointson a hurdle thither, the tension mounts after Juliet begs her father to hear her out. Capulet is furious and tells her to do as she is told or Never after look me in the face. Capulets rage mounts as he shouts My fingers itch whilst hitting Juliet with the back of his hand. I tell thee what, get thee to church a Thursday Or never look me in the face Refusing her fathers wishes shows how little respect Juliet has for her mother and father. He tells her not to answer him back and when her nurse sticks up for her tells her to hold her tongue. Peace you mumbling fool Capulet is outraged, when he sees his daughters reaction to the marriage he has arranged to a man who is a A gentleman of noble parentagewish a man. He tells Juliet that if she does not marry on Thursday then she will no longer live under his roof but will hang, beg, stave, die in the streets. Capulet thinks that he is bringing good news, however the news of the arranged marriage disturbs and upset Juliet and obstructs Juliets and Romeos love for one another. He leaves angry paying attention to none. Juliet is crying and trying to convince her mother to delay her marriage to Paris, on her knees. Her mother offers her no comfort and takes her leave. Do as thou wilt, for I have done with thee. In this version Capulet is portrayed as a tyrant however he may just be wanting the best for his daughter by making this perfect match with Paris as he is rich and related to the Prince. Once lady Capulet has left the room, Juliet will go to lie on her bed weeping, heart broken and in despair. The nurse will then go and sit next to her on Juliets bed and cuddle her to help comfort her. She then says Faith here it isand you no use of him The nurse tries to comfort her telling her that Paris excels Romeo and that she would be better off forgetting Romeo. She parts herself from the nurse cuddling her because she has suddenly begun to speak badly of her Romeo. This is because the Nurse is scared of Capulet, knowing that her job could be at stake if he was to find out that she had advised Juliet to marry Romeo. When the nurse refers to Rome as good as dead Your first is dead or twere as good he were, Juliet looks away from the nurse with horror and then in a very sarcastic manner says Well thou hast comforted me, marvellous much Juliet seeing that she is not going to get her own way tells her nurse to go and tell her mother that she has gone to confession, whilst pointing at her bedroom door, as she continues to plot her escape with Romeo. The nurse replies by telling her that she would marry Paris rather than Romeo as she thinks that would be the right thing to do, Marry I will, and this is wisely done The Nurse stands up from the bed and takes her leave. Juliet then says If all else fails, myself have the power to die meaning that if she can never marry Romeo then she is capable of taking her own life.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

The History of the Soda Fountain

The History of the Soda Fountain In the early 20th century and until the 1960s, it was common for small-town residents and big-city dwellers to enjoy carbonated beverages at local soda fountains and ice cream saloons. Often housed together with apothecaries, the ornate, baroque soda fountain counter served as a meeting place for people of all ages and became especially popular as a legal place to gather during Prohibition. By the 1920s, just about every apothecary had a soda fountain. Soda Fountain Manufacturers Some soda fountains back in the day were the Transcendent, which had miniature Greek statues on top of them and four spigots and a cupola topped with stars. Then there was the Puffer Commonwealth, which had more spigots and was more statuesque. The four most successful manufacturers of soda fountains - Tuft’s Arctic Soda Fountain, A.D. Puffer and Sons of Boston, John Matthews and Charles Lippincott - created  a monopoly of the soda fountain manufacturing business  by combining to form the American Soda Fountain Company in 1891. A Little History The term soda water was first coined in 1798, and in  1810 the first U.S. patent was issued for the mass manufacture of imitation mineral waters to inventors Simons and Rundell of Charleston, South Carolina. The soda fountain patent was first granted to Samuel Fahnestock in 1819. He had invented a  barrel-shaped with a pump and spigot to dispense  carbonated water, and the device was meant to be kept under a counter or hidden. In 1832 John Matthews  invented a design that would make artificially carbonating water more cost-effective. His machine - a metal-lined chamber where sulphuric acid and calcium carbonate were mixed to make carbon dioxide - artificially carbonated waters at a quantity that could be sold to drugstores or street vendors. Gustavus D.  Dows invented and operated the first marble soda fountain and ice shaver, which he patented in 1863. It was housed in a miniature cottage and was functional, and made of eye-pleasing white Italian marble, onyx and glistening brass with large mirrors. The New York Times wrote that Mr. Dows was the  first to create a fountain that looked like a Doric temple. James Tufts patented a soda fountain in 1883  that he called the Arctic Soda Apparatus. Tufts went on to become a huge soda fountain manufacturer and sold more soda fountains than all of his competitors combined. In 1903 a revolution in soda fountain design took place with the front-service fountain patented by Haeusser Heisinger. Soda Fountains Today The popularity of soda fountains collapsed in the 1970s  with the introduction of fast foods, commercial ice cream, bottled  soft drinks, and restaurants. Today, the  soda fountain is nothing other than a small,  self-serve soft drink dispenser. Old-fashioned soda fountain parlors within apothecaries - where druggists would serve syrup and chilled, carbonated soda water - are most likely found in museums nowadays.

Friday, November 22, 2019

Green Ash Tree Facts, Identification, and Management

Green Ash Tree Facts, Identification, and Management Green ash will reach a height of about 60 feet with a spread of 45 feet. Upright main branches bear twigs which droop toward the ground then bend upward at their tips much like Basswood. The glossy dark green foliage will turn yellow in the fall, but the color is often muted in the south. There is a good seed-set annually on female trees which are used by many birds but some consider the seeds to be messy. This fast-growing tree will adapt to many different landscape conditions and can be grown on wet or dry sites, preferring moist. Some cities have over-planted green ash. Specifics of the Green Ash Scientific name: Fraxinus pennsylvanicaPronunciation: FRACK-sih-nus pen-sill-VAN-ih-kuhCommon name(s): Green AshFamily: OleaceaeUSDA hardiness zones: 3 through 9AOrigin: Native to North AmericaUses: Large parking lot islands; wide tree lawns; recommended for buffer strips around parking lots or for median strip plantings in the highway; reclamation plant; shade tree;Availability: Generally available in many areas within its hardiness range. Native Range Green ash extends from Cape Breton Island and Nova Scotia west to southeastern Alberta; south through central Montana, northeastern Wyoming, to southeastern Texas; and east to northwestern Florida and Georgia. Description Leaf: Opposite, pinnately compound with 7 to 9 serrate leaflets that are lanceolate to elliptical in shape, entire leaf is 6 to 9 inches long, green above and glabrous to silky-pubescent below. Crown uniformity: Symmetrical canopy with a regular (or smooth) outline, and individuals have more or less identical crown forms. Trunk/bark/branches:  Grow mostly upright and will not droop; not particularly showy; should be grown with a single leader; no thorns. Breakage:  Susceptible to breakage either at the crotch due to poor collar formation, or the wood itself is weak and tends to break. Flower and Fruit Flower: Dioecious; light green to purplish, both sexes lacking petals, females occurring in loose panicles, males in tighter clusters, appear after the leaves unfold. Fruit: A single-winged, dry, flattened samara with a slender, thin seed cavity, maturing in autumn and dispersing over winter. Special Uses Green ash wood, because of its strength, hardness, high shock resistance, and excellent bending qualities is used in specialty items such as tool handles and baseball bats but is not as desirable as white ash. It is also a favorite tree used in city and yard landscapes. Several Green Ash Hybrids ‘Marshall Seedless’- some seeds, yellow fall color, fewer insect problems,; ‘Patmore’ - excellent street tree, straight trunk, good yellow fall color, seedless; ‘Summit’ - female, yellow fall color, straight trunk but pruning required to develop strong structure, abundant seeds, and flower galls can be a nuisance; ‘Cimmaron’ is a new plant (USDA hardiness zone 3) reported to have a strong trunk, good lateral branching habit, and tolerance to salt. Damaging Pests Borers: Common on Ash and they can kill trees. The most common borers infesting Ash are Ash borer, lilac borer, and carpenterworm. Ash borer bores into the trunk at or near the soil line causing tree dieback. Anthracnose: also called leaf scorch and leaf spot. Infected parts of the leaves turn brown, especially along the margins. Infected leaves fall prematurely. Rake up and destroy infected leaves. Chemical controls are not practical or economical on large trees. Trees in the south can be severely affected. The Most Widely Distributed   Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), also called red ash, swamp ash, and water ash  is the most widely distributed of all the American ashes. Naturally a moist bottomland or stream bank tree, it is hardy to climatic extremes and has been widely planted in the Plains States and Canada. The commercial supply is mostly in the South. Green ash is similar in property to white ash and they are marketed together as white ash. The large seed crops provide food to many kinds of wildlife. Due to its good form and resistance to insects and disease, it is a very popular ornamental tree.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Stabilization Wedges in the Organization Assignment

Stabilization Wedges in the Organization - Assignment Example The earth could also encounter increasing sea level from melting cover of ice from the West Antarctic ice and Greenland glaciers and deterioration of the ocean’s thermohaline movement that aids in redistribution of the planet’s high temperature and hot Western Europe. It is possible to reduce the emissions of the carbon dioxide for the next 50 years if people are able to keep these emissions flat. This route is intended to keep carbon dioxide under one thousand two hundred billion tons (ppm). This kind of figure will permit individuals to expect worse consequence of climate change. Maintaining releases flat will need reducing predictable carbon production by about 7 billion tons per annum by two thousand and fifty-five. This will help in maintaining a total of one hundred and seventy-five billion tons of carbon from flowing to the atmosphere (Alley, pp 43). The carbon reserves are collectively known as stabilization triangle. The conformist knowledge has been that only radical new expertise like nuclear fusion can permit such large release cuts. CMI set out to measure the blow that could be made by a collection of accessible technologies organized on a huge Scale. To make sure that the crisis is more understandable it is divided into seven wedges. Each wedge is used to represent how carbon emission can be reduced to so as not to grow to any further tons by the year 2055 (Socolow & Pacala PP 23). The wedges can stand for methods of making energy that has reduced emissions of carbon dioxide. They can also be used to store carbon dioxide at low levels that cannot flow into the atmosphere. A wedge that will reduce emissions can be attained if the fuel efficiency of all the vehicles predictable for 2055 were two times from 30 mpg to 60 mpg.  

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Electrical Engineering in Telecommunications Essay

Electrical Engineering in Telecommunications - Essay Example The next step is for telecommunication engineers to outline a transmission and reception of the transmitted information. In designing the transmitters and receivers, the engineers have to factor in the power consumption especially of the transmitters since a weak signal will due to low or insufficient power will be susceptible to corruption by noise so that the sent information is received as jumbled or incoherent. Looked at simplistically, two telephone handsets connected together need a battery in between to provide the electrical signal to transmit voice signals as depicted below; d1 d2 Handset Battery Handset D Fig 1: Simple telecommunication connection In the above diagram signal will be transmitted a total distance D. d1 and d2 are the distances of each handset to the battery. Now D in practice can be a very long distance, for which certain factors determine this distance which are attenuation and IR drop that limits the voltage across the transmitter. The common 19 gauge wire has a 30 km limit which is also affected by the quality of the handsets. To increase the length of D, we can either increase the voltage of the power source (battery) or we can install amplifiers along D to solve the attenuation problem [2]. The above diagram however is limited to just two people communicating; in real life hundreds or even thousands of people communicate in a telecommunication network not just two people. This makes signalling a more complex problem so that a telecommunication network type must be adopted. These can be a start topology, a mesh topology or many single start topologies connected together to form a network. Adding more users (subscribers) to a network over long distances will raise the cost of the network as many amplifiers and more power sources will be needed, a better solution is therefore needed. Only the most basic telecommunication systems require a power system on site. Telecommunication systems require a prime power source such as a mains elec tricity supply from a grid or a generator for sites in areas where there is no electric grid coverage and a standby power source should also be availed in case there are extended interruptions to the primary power source with a means to protect the equipment for instance against lightning or surges. Telecommunication systems utilize Direct Current (DC) power which can be low current power of 24 or 48 volts dc or complex systems used at exchanges. A telecommunications DC power system consists of a rectifier system, battery system, charge and discharge buses, primary and secondary distribution systems and a voltage conversions system which work together to power a telecommunications network whether the old telephone lines (twisted copper pair), fibre optic, voice over internet protocol or wireless (radio). Rectifiers convert Alternating Current (AC) to DC and are the major supply of power used for a telecommunication system. A rectifier also provides extra power to overcome the intern al resistance of a battery before charging commences and it recharges the battery when AC power supply is restored after an interruption. The Battery stores charge to power components especially when there is no AC power and ensures there is constant power to the loads so break in communication occurs. It is constantly connected directly to the discharge bus so no interruption occurs

Sunday, November 17, 2019

The Sun Case Essay Example for Free

The Sun Case Essay The sun is the center of solar system. All the eight planets in the solar system revolve around the sun. It is responsible for the day and the night we experience. It gives light and heat to the planets that revolve around it. Our Earth is the third closest planet to the Sun which is about 92 million miles from here to the sun (Myron, 2007). It may be far, but the Sun still provides enough light for plants to grow and enough heat for the people to be warm. This is made possible by the Sun’s very large size. The sun’s diameter is about 864, 938 miles. It is 10 times bigger than Jupiter, the biggest planet in the Solar System. Compared to the Earth, the Sun is 109 times bigger than our home planet (How Big is the Sun?, 2007). The Sun, even if it is very big, is mostly composed of gaseous elements like hydrogen and helium. It has a very hot temperature on its outer layer, and an even hotter inner layer. On the surface, it is about 5,515 degrees Celsius or 9,940 degrees Fahrenheit. Because of this very high temperature, the planets revolving around the sun receive heat and light even though they are very far apart. Why is the sun yellowish-white in color? We see the sun as yellowish-white because of its very hot temperature. The color is also scattered when the light passes through the atmosphere. What is left of the scattered is just the yellowish-white color which we see as the color of the sun. This is why we see a different color of the sun during the afternoon, when the sun is positioned very low in the sky (Dorn, 1999). The sun is a very magnificent body in space. It plays a very important part in our lives. We should be happy and proud that we have the Sun here in our Solar System. Reference: Dorn, E. (1999). What color is the sun in space? Retrieved September 25, 2007, from http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/1999-12/945169710.As.r.html How Big is the Sun? (2007). Retrieved September 25, 2007, from http://members.aol.com/_ht_a/bobalien99/sunsize.htm Myron, H. (2007). Distance from the Earth to the Sun. Retrieved September 25, 2007, from http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/newton/askasci/1995/astron/AST045.HTM

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Marcus Garvey :: Essays Papers

Marcus Garvey Historians familiar with Garvey's career generally regard him as the preeminent symbol of the insurgent wave of black nationalism that developed in the period following World War I. Although born in Jamaica, Garvey achieved his greatest success in the United States. He did so despite the criticism of many African-American leaders and the covert opposition of the United States Department of Justice and its Bureau of Investigation (forerunner of the FBI). As a young man, Garvey had preached accommodation and disavowed political protest, advocating loyalty to the established colonial government. His views, however, underwent a radical transformation shortly after he arrived in the United States in 1916. The emergence of the radical New Negro movement, which supplied the cultural and political matrix of the celebrated Harlem Renaissance, to a large extent paralleled Garvey and his post-World War I "African Redemption" movement. Garvey established the first American branch of the UNIA in 1917--1918 in the midst of the mass migration of blacks from the Caribbean and the American South to cities of the North. It was also a time of political awakening in Africa and the Caribbean, to which Garvey vigorously encouraged the export of his movement. In the era of global black awakening following World War I, Garvey emerged as the best known, the most controversial, and, for many, the most attractive of a new generation of New Negro leaders. Representative Charles B. Rangel of New York has noted that "Garvey was one of the first to say that instead of blackness being a stigma, it should be a source of pride" (New York Times, 5 April 1987). Black expectations aroused by participation in World War I were dashed by the racial violence of the wartime and postwar years, and the disappointment evident in many black communities throughout the U.S., Africa, and the Caribbean allowed Garvey to draw dozens of local leaders to his side. Their ideas were not always strictly compatible with Garvey's, but their sympathy with his themes of "African redemption" and black self-support was instrumental in gathering support for the movement from a vast cross-section of African-American society. Similarly, Garvey's message was adopted by a broad cross-section of educated and semi-literate Africans and West Indians hungry for alternatives to white rule and oppression. The post--World War I years were thus a time when a growing number of Africans and West Indians were ready for change. In most colonial territories, Africans, like African Americans, were disappointed when expected postwar changes failed to materialize. Marcus Garvey :: Essays Papers Marcus Garvey Historians familiar with Garvey's career generally regard him as the preeminent symbol of the insurgent wave of black nationalism that developed in the period following World War I. Although born in Jamaica, Garvey achieved his greatest success in the United States. He did so despite the criticism of many African-American leaders and the covert opposition of the United States Department of Justice and its Bureau of Investigation (forerunner of the FBI). As a young man, Garvey had preached accommodation and disavowed political protest, advocating loyalty to the established colonial government. His views, however, underwent a radical transformation shortly after he arrived in the United States in 1916. The emergence of the radical New Negro movement, which supplied the cultural and political matrix of the celebrated Harlem Renaissance, to a large extent paralleled Garvey and his post-World War I "African Redemption" movement. Garvey established the first American branch of the UNIA in 1917--1918 in the midst of the mass migration of blacks from the Caribbean and the American South to cities of the North. It was also a time of political awakening in Africa and the Caribbean, to which Garvey vigorously encouraged the export of his movement. In the era of global black awakening following World War I, Garvey emerged as the best known, the most controversial, and, for many, the most attractive of a new generation of New Negro leaders. Representative Charles B. Rangel of New York has noted that "Garvey was one of the first to say that instead of blackness being a stigma, it should be a source of pride" (New York Times, 5 April 1987). Black expectations aroused by participation in World War I were dashed by the racial violence of the wartime and postwar years, and the disappointment evident in many black communities throughout the U.S., Africa, and the Caribbean allowed Garvey to draw dozens of local leaders to his side. Their ideas were not always strictly compatible with Garvey's, but their sympathy with his themes of "African redemption" and black self-support was instrumental in gathering support for the movement from a vast cross-section of African-American society. Similarly, Garvey's message was adopted by a broad cross-section of educated and semi-literate Africans and West Indians hungry for alternatives to white rule and oppression. The post--World War I years were thus a time when a growing number of Africans and West Indians were ready for change. In most colonial territories, Africans, like African Americans, were disappointed when expected postwar changes failed to materialize.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Satire of Modest Proposal

Satire at its Finest A masterful satire, this is what Jonathon Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal† is. The writing is used to construct a misunderstood proposal that comments on the social hardship of Ireland while blaming the government’s incompetence as well as the morals of the country. His proposal makes it visible to others that there is a need for social reform. From the beginning, it is not clear to the readers of what Swift’s true proposal actually is, but as it is being broken apart, one can see that the entire writing is full of sarcasm.The proposal itself speaks to the people who ignore the issues but who are also the ones that can fix them. As a proposed solution, that author states in the intro that â€Å"for preventing the children of poor people in Ireland from being a burden to their parents or country, for making them beneficial to the public† (Swift 239). Swift is bringing upon an attempt to find a cheap and easy method for bringing c hildren of the poor into the commonwealth as well as turning the problem that is amuck, into its own solution.He uses analogies for the way people, a nation, can be devoured and how the nation is consuming itself and its own resources. â€Å"I grant this food will be somewhat dear, and therefore very proper for landlords who, as they have already devoured most of their parents, seem to have the best title to the children†(Swift 240). Swift has effective and ineffective ways of using different literary techniques that will intrigue one or leave them completely baffled with his proposal. At first glance of this writing, a reader can be nothing but appalled, though it causes one to think about realistic solutions and to take action.Swift’s proposal is effective by which he delivers his argument so efficiently and with such detail and use of sarcastic comparisons, exaggerations, and emotional appeals. His main solution to this problem is the practice of selling and eating children. â€Å"A young healthy child well nursed is at a year old a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome for, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled; and I make no doubt that it will equally serve in a fricassee or ragout†(Swift 240). He uses statistical support and specific data about pricing, rates, and population numbers, to make his argument more agreeable and supportive.To make his proposal so effective, the author uses good structure, tone, language, and rhetorical appeals. The use of suggestive language makes it hard for the reader to not agree with his arguments. Though the language is clear, it is at a cross with the tone. The tone though full of sarcasm and irony, changes throughout and also reduces human beings and compares them to livestock. An example of this is when Swift writes that â€Å"women as breeders,† and â€Å"children just drooped from its darn† (Swift 241).At first, the author was sympathetic toward the people, but then it becom es more sarcastic again. The use of ethos, logos, and pathos play a large role in making this writing so effective. The constant flow of disgust and humor, have an effect on the reader emotionally, creating pathos. The ethos and logos give the writing underlying meaning, while the logos create an unsympathetic feeling allowing the proposal to come off as one that is opposed. With the author creating different methods of cooking children, the ethos is weakened. A wholesome food whether stewed, roasted, baked or boiled† (Swift 240). With supporting evidence from friends, Swift provides details on better consumption ages, flavors, and experience. This proposal also has some techniques that make it ineffective in its writing. The author is portraying himself to be from a self-righteous moral stance. His stance on the sides is not easy to identify. The irony used is to criticize the society that enables all these problems and the poverty of others while at the same time it is degra ding the poor.His writing shows a lack of compassion for the human life, and by being one-sided and not considering opposing viewpoints, it loses some effectiveness. By discriminating, one would suggest it has an effect on it as well. The story does contain fallacies. One of these fallacies is appeal to authority. Jonathon Swift suggests a friend, who it seems is one of a higher status, who describes the different ages, value and ways that he and others have committed cannibalism. This fallacy is an argument that attempts to overawe an opponent into accepting a conclusion, appealing to ones feelings of modesty.Overall, â€Å"A Modest Proposal† by Jonathon Swift is a very well created satire. Not only does this piece of literature draw one into the progressions of tones and use of strong and witty language, but there are statistics and data to make this argument favorable. In the end of Swift’s writing, he tells us that he has nothing to gain economically, being that he has no children. With this act, one can see that the author is being more sincere than previously believed. The author uses effective and ineffective ways of using different literary tools and tricks that draw many people into is proposal and to see the ultimate reason for it. The rhetorical appeals, structure, tone, discrimination and many details make this writing so intriguing. This absurd request is a way in which to better attempt an economical change in Ireland and to reveal what others wish to not see in the country. His method to get there is one of great success. Work Cited: Swift, Jonathon. â€Å"A Modest Proposal. † Reading Literature and Writing Argument. Eds. Missy James and Alan P. Merickel. 4th ed. Boston: Longman/Pearson, 2011. 238-44. Print.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Central Park Reflection

My Reflection On Central Park Imagine a topographical view of Manhattan in the early 1800’s; all you see is squares and streets. This was Clinton’s Commissioner Plan- to level all of Manhattan to make way for streets and buildings. However, what were not taken to account were parks and recreational areas. This would all change in the 1850’s as landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted architect Calvert Vaux won the right to build their project- the Greensward Plan (CentralParkHistory). This plan would become Central Park, which spans two and a half miles from 59th Street to 110th Street and half a mile from Fifth Avenue to Eighth Avenue. For my second New York City trip, I decided to visit Central Park- one of the largest park’s in New York City. Firstly, the thing I noticed prior to the entrance of the park was the entrance itself. There are many entrances in Central Park. The one I used was the 59th Street and 8th Avenue entrance. There stood a beautiful monument dedicated to the heroes who died on the battleship Maine. Throughout the visit there are other monuments and sculptures of many historic figures-many of them being symbolic. As you walk in the beautiful park, a new feeling fills the soul. You forget the concrete jungle and all of its problems and enter a natural utopia. All the trees are fully grown and very lush. Most, if not all, the trees in Central Park did not come from Manhattan. In fact, Manhattan was cleared of most of its trees and plants. Central Park is now filled with 26,000 trees, covering 31 families within the deciduous and coniferous classes of trees, 71 genera, and 152 species (Central Park Conservancy). Talking about how New York City is so diverse with people and culture, it is also diverse with different trees, plants and shrubs. Central Park was landscaped so people can escape the city and its problems. Throughout out the years, Central Park was able to do so. With its curvy walkways and paved streets, one can seem to forget the â€Å"Grid System† of the city. Moreover, the streets that cars drive through central park are on lower ground compared to the landscape. In other words, if you look straight into Central Park you will not be able see cars driving because they are on lower ground. Moreover, Central Park offers â€Å"pedicab† and horse carriages as means of transportation around the vast and limitless park. It is a great way of getting around Central Park and having your own private tour guide of the panoramic landscape. What is amazing about central park is it has something for everyone. Baseball fields can be found throughout the park, including on the Great Lawn and the North Meadow. In addition to housing America's pastime, the park is home to a number of basketball courts, jogging paths and a swimming pool. One of the park's most popular attractions is its zoo, which survives as the nation's second-oldest publicly owned zoo. It features a petting zoo complete with pigs, goats and sheep. It also features the Wollman Memorial Skating Rink which is covered in ice for most of the year. In the summer it is the location of numerous theatrical performances. It hosted man bands, plays, and movies throughout the year. A trip to Central Park can make everyone who enters it jubilant. God’s gift to humankind is nature but, Man’s gift to New York City is Central Park. My journey through Central Park was breathtaking. One can throw all his worries and problems from the city and enjoy the natural life Central Park has to offer. Whether you go there to relax, exercise, play, or watch a concert, Central Park has something for everyone. Work Cited Unknown, â€Å"Central Park History. † Andrew Green and the Model Park. Web. 31 Oct 2009. . Unknown, â€Å"The Trees of Central Park. † Central Park Conservancy. Web. 31 Oct 2009.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Hiroshima by John Hersey essays

Hiroshima by John Hersey essays In his book, Hiroshima, John Hersey tells the story of six human beings who lived through the greatest single man-made disaster in history the bombing of Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. Brilliant in his straightforward and unambiguous prose, John Hersey explains what these six individuals were doing immediately before and after 8:15 a.m. on that fateful day when the first atomic bomb destroyed Hiroshima. The story in its eloquence weaves a tale of the lives of these six survivors from the time they awoke on that momentous morning until the moment when, with a blinding flash, their lives were irrevocably changed. Hersey's purpose in writing this book is to demonstrate how the dropping of the atomic bomb impacted the lives of its victims in hopes that the horror of this event will never be repeated. Employing everyday language and depicting commonplace occurrences, Hersey enables the reader to experience the daily routines of the people. The author divides each chapter into sections that follow the movements of the six people during specific periods of time that morning. The book begins with their first waking thought, carries the six through the actual bombing of the city, and describes their utter bewilderment as to what had transpired. Hersey goes into minute detail, describing the sounds, the smells, and the sights. Although the citizens of Hiroshima anticipated that their city would be attacked, they did not expect the level of destruction that the atomic bomb produced. Hersey uses quotations from citizens who survived the assault to illustrate the people's inability to comprehend the devastation. Small clues such as the fact that walls had tumbled inward, not outward, the collapse of so many buildings when the people heard no planes, and the fact that not enough bombs h ad fallen to cause such a catastrophe, are but a few of the personal details the book sets forth. ...

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

A Comprehensive Guide on Writing a Character Analysis

A Comprehensive Guide on Writing a Character Analysis 10 Steps to Creating an Outstanding Character Essay Analysis Character analysis is an essay, which aims to describe a certain character from a book or a popular figure that exists in reality. Such paper is concentrated on personal features and character of an analyzed person. However, a high school character analysis greatly differs from a college one, because it requires more detailed research and has specific demands. Moreover, you also need to follow one of the formatting styles: MLA; APA; Harvard; Chicago/Turabian. If you are a college freshman or have never written a university character analysis before, you should be ready to face lots of requirements, including context, structure and thoughtful analysis. You can include personal stories and experience to support the topic. Below we have gathered the best 10 tips to write a flawless character analysis. A thorough research You must know every feature of the analyzed character, his personal qualities and background. That is why you should gather as much opinions and views, as possible. You should understand that the same character looks completely different in various sources, so it is important to stick not only to the initial book but also to other credible sources. They include: Newspapers; Magazines; Articles; Blogs; Videos. Shape your ideas with the help of an outline Outline is not a compulsory part of your character analysis if the opposite is not indicated by your professor. However, it is a very important section for your own convenience, because with its help you will always know what to write about, step-by-step. Without an outline you can lose track of the general flow of your essay and won’t be able to deliver a quality text. An outline is a plan, a list of all the ideas you want to share with the reader. Strong introduction and a thesis statement Every written assignment should always start with an introduction paragraph, which contains a thesis statement in the last sentence. Your goal is to prove the audience that you have serious reasons to write about a chosen character. You can insert a quote from the source text or provide interesting and unknown details about a person you want to tell about. However, such information should be general, without too much information. Describe hero’s character Your body paragraphs should contain information on all of the features you have found about the discussed person. Start with a powerful statement and then support it with evidence. Remind all of the episodes, which prove your point of view. For that purpose you will have to read the book from the first page to the last one. Write about the key conflict Even though your task is to discuss a person or a character, you should still explain what the main conflict of the analyzed piece is. This will help you to explain the reader why the analyzed character is good or bad, acts right or wrong, etc. If you are not able to identify the conflict on your own, turn to your professor or a professional writing company! Use clear language Some students think that a character analysis doesn’t require academic language and decide to use slang instead. However, your essay should always remain academic and contain clear English. Never use words, which you are not able to find in the vocabulary, as it may greatly lower your final marks. Make sure you choose a proper character type Every literature assignment should include specific terms, so when you analyze a character you should always define what his type is: Protagonist (the main hero); Antagonist; Major character; Minor character; Dynamic; Stereotypical; Foils; Single-dimensional; Three-dimensional. State your position You need to process various opinions and arguments to show the character both from good and bad sides. In addition, you need to present a fresh look on the plot of the story and on the character himself to interest the reader. Include questions without an answer You can tell the audience about unanswered questions from the text or ask them yourself. In such a way, your reader will think about your essay even after finishing it and may even want to continue the research. Get quality assistance If you are limited in time and have tens of other assignments to be delivered, we are there to help! Even if you don’t have a wish to work on a character analysis or have no ideas what to write about, there is no need to panic. Our professional writers and editors are always ready to create an original character analysis for you, meeting all of the demands and requirements.

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Buddhism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Buddhism - Research Paper Example Although its spread was initially slow, it was aided by Ashoka, who was the emperor of Maurya and the religion’s ardent supporter. He, together with his descendants, promoted the construction of religious memorials of Buddhism known as stupas, and their efforts spread the religion beyond the inflated Maurya Empire into adjacent territories. They brought Buddhism into Central Asia and Afghanistan’s regions that spoke Iranian, as well as Sri Lanka. This paper will research on the history of Buddhism and its reflection on the culture of Southern India including Arts, Epics and architecture such as temples and tombs. There is general consensus among most historians that the origins of Buddhism are in north India’s era of the fifth century BCE. Its traditions can be traced to the birth of Siddhartha Gautama, popularly known as Buddha and denoting the Enlightened or Awakened one, who was born in Nepal’s Lumbini area. Buddha observed the world’s suffering and committed himself to find its remedy. He achieved a state of enlightenment through analysis and mediation, which characterized the end of suffering caused by attachments and liberty from the sequence of rebirth upon death. Buddhism’s earliest phase, the Pre-sectarian Buddhism, had the Vinaya Pitaka as its main scriptures and Nakayas’ four principles, also known as the Agamas (Takakusu 134). The Early Buddhist Schools opine that the Buddhist council was conducted after the death of Buddha (or parinirvana), where teachings were orally transmitted. The council was primarily to recite teachings collectively so as to ensure there were no errors in the oral transmissions. The monastic code, also known as Vinaya, was recited by Upali, and Buddha’s favorite disciple and cousin Ananda recited his lessons known s the Sutras. The Early Mahayana Buddhism was formed around 100 BCE and fully established in 100 AD on the assumption that its existence was separate from the competition of the Hinayana schools. The Late Mahayana Buddhism saw the development of four key thoughts which were Madhyamaka, Tathagatagarba, Yogacara and the most recent Buddhist Logic (Takakusu 114). Hinduism greatly influenced Esoteric Buddhism. The era of Ashoka is greatly credited with the spread of the religion outside India as emissaries were deployed to other countries, especially the eastern provinces that neighbored the Seleucid Empire and further on to the Hellenistic kingdoms. That spread ensured that Buddhism interacted with other diverse ethnic groups, exposing it to various influences that came from the Greek and Persian civilization. Buddhism’s originality started fragmenting in subsequent centuries, with the most noticeable split occurring after conducting the second council which came a century after the first was held. Following debates between traditionalists and liberal groups, the liberal groups termed themselves s the Mahasangha and left, eventually e volving into North Asia’s Mahayana tradition. On their part, the traditionalists labeled themselves as Sthaviranda, which meant the way of the elders, came up with a set of complex philosophical concepts collectively known as Abhidharma, which went beyond the ones that Buddha had revealed. However, the Abhidharma soon gave rise to disagreements, encouraging more splinter groups to leave the fold, eventually developing 18 different schools that had different interpretations of

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Unit 4 Market for Health Insurance and Competition Essay

Unit 4 Market for Health Insurance and Competition - Essay Example by Congressional Budget Office, the health market challenges the federal and state governments as health care premiums continue to take an upward trend. More to these, health care costs seem to exceed the growth of American income, thus making it very expensive to afford health care in America. Consequent to these, fewer individuals get to enroll for the service, following the high cost involved. These factors compel the government to take measures that regulate the operation of the health market, thus ensuring that the insurance companies do not exercise their market power in a manner that can harm consumers, as well as the economy. Such measures include the evaluation of insurers who undertake mergers and acquisitions, to ensure that monopolies do not rule the health sector. The medical loss ratio refers to a statistical measurement of the fraction of the total premium revenue from health plans that get to be devoted to clinical services. In other words, the MLR relates to the portion of the premium revenue from health insurance plans paid to settle medical claims. Therefore, this ratio does not serve as a measure of the quality of care provided as premiums paid and expenditures incurred do not indicate the quality of care being given to individuals. Other measures, such as patient satisfaction surveys, and severity-adjusted clinical outcomes, provide better measures for gauging health performance. Consequently, the MLR should not be used to measure health performance, as it would lead to biased results (Austin, 43). Risk-adjusted premiums help in determining the expected treatment cost that an insured person would incur, if they were to fall ill. Higher rates exist for elderly individuals, compared to the younger population (Feldstein, 245). This ensures that insurance providers do not choose to insure healthier patients, and leave out the sick patients. Consequent to this, individuals who need health care most get to access insurance, and effective

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Pastoral care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pastoral care - Essay Example The same is applied to the church minister, the help and support of whom is sought while performing spiritual obligations; baptism, matrimonial services, funeral services and prayers at every joyous and gloomy incident are included the religious obligations according to the Christian faith, which could not be performed without the presence and supervision of the church ministers. One of the most important role played by the pastors included the providing of complete guidance to the Christian community in their religious affairs. While pastoral care, according to Malphurs, may have been an aspect of what some leaders in the Old Testament did, their primary role was that of leadership (2003:1). Although the Christian community has separated the role and duties of the state and the church, where the former enjoys all the privileges from devising and implementation of all the policies and strategies related to internal, external, political, social and financial affairs of the country on the one hand, and ruling over the masses through all state agencies and institutions on the other. On the other hand, the powers of the church have been confined to religious affairs, though the church is supreme in this regards, and everyone seeks its help in all spiritual activities and matters at large; it is particularly the case at the eve of birth, matrimony and death of every Christian. Pastor services maintain central place in Christianity particularly at the eve of the death of every follower of the faith. Pastoral services are conducted in order to identify the spiritual relationship between man and his Lord, where the Lord has the power to bestow life and impose death upon every human, and thus soul is bound to return to the Lord after spending the appointed time on the earth. Pastoral care services are conducted in the name of Jesus Christ, who has

Sunday, October 27, 2019

History of perodua analysis

History of perodua analysis Perusahaan Otomobil Kedua Sdn Bhd (PERODUA), established in 1993. In Malaysia Perodua is second automobile manufacturer which after Proton. It is a joint venture company between Malaysian and Japanese. The shareholders of Perodua are UMW Corporation Sdn Bhd 38%, MBM Resources Berhad 20%, Daihatsu Motor Co. Ltd 20%, PNB Equity Resource Corporation Sdn Berhad 10%, Daihatsu (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd 5%, Mitsui Co. Ltd 4.2% and Mitsui Co, (Asia Pacific) Pte Ltd 2.8% (Corporate Information n.d). Perodua does not contend with Proton for the similar market niche because Perodua mostly produce small-compact cars. Since end of 2009, Perodua has sold some 1.67 million units of vehicle of a variety of models. Perodua also sell overseas their cars to UK, Singapore, Brunei, Fiji, Nepal and Sri Lanka. 1.2 Background of Perodua Perodua is located on a 138-hectare site in Sungai Choh, Rawang, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Besides, in the year of 2001, Perodua Auto Corporation Sdn Bhd (PCSB) was established in the final quarter year. Furthermore, there are also another two joint venture partners of PCBS from Japan which are Daihatsu Motor.Co.Ldt. and Mitsui Co. Ltd. The PCBS are being managed the manufacturing operations of the Perodua Group (Corporate Information, 2010). 1.3 Mission and Vision 1.3.1 Mission Perodua mission is to Professionalism in all our operations Efficiency in utilizing technologies and available resources Resilience in meeting our challenges Optimizing benefits to customers and stakeholders Dedication towards social responsibility to community, the environment and development of competent workforce Uniqueness in our products Aspiration to glorify the name of PERODUA 1.3.2 Vision The vision of Perodua is to be the most preferred automotive brand renowned for products and services of excellent quality which contributes to the development of the nation. 1.4 Product Milestone Below is the list of the vehicle that Perodua produce: The Perodua Kancil-August 1994 The Perodua Rusa March 1996 The Perodua Kembara August 1998 The Perodua Kenari   June 2000 The Perodua Kelisa August 2001 The Perodua Myvi May 2005 The Perodua Viva   May 2007 The Perodua Nautica 4WD May 2008 The Perodua Alza November 2009 (Corporate Information, 2010) 2.0 Analysis of Market Environment Factors that Affect this Company For a company it is very necessary to have updated date and to have a close watch and to assess the ever changing environment around them. There are 2 types of environment and there are Micro Environment and Macro Environment (Pride.et.al, 2007). 2.1 The Micro Environment The close forces to the company that have effect on its capability to get the goods successfully to the customer. While for the micro environment consists of 6 factors (Pride.et.al, 2007). 2.1.1 Customer Customer can be divided into 5 types of markets to get a better idea on them which are: 2.1.1 (a) Consumer Market The person who buys the product for consumption is called the consumer market (Pride.et.al, 2007). Perodua Company comes with varies vehicles that can attract buyers especially these who want an affordable yet efficient vehicle. The company mostly targets on individuals or families who want to buy quality car at a premium as Perodua Company sets up the prices that are reasonable and affordable by most consumers. Perodua Myvi is product on May 2005 by Perodua Company which is one of the examples for individual or family use. 2.1.1 (b) Business Market The companies which buy goods and services are to be used in the production id other goods (Pride.et.al, 2007). For instance, Perodua Company buys the parts from other countries but the assembling is done in Malaysia. 2.1.1(c) Reseller Market The companies that purchases the goods or services and resell the product without making any changes to it (Pride.et.al, 2007). For examples, Perodua dealers get the product from the main company and finally distribute to them without making any changes of the cars. 2.1.1 (d) Government Market For government market they may purchase it to be used it in the production of goods and services (Pride.et.al, 2007). For example, the model of Perodua Myvi, Perodua Kancil, Perodua Viva are provided to the government for the use of National Parade Day. 2.1.1 (e) International Market The products used for the use of the government to carry on with the government duties (Pride.et.al, 2007). For international market, Perodua Myvi purchases for the overseas market such as United Kingdom, Singapore, Brunei, Fiji, Nepal and Sri Lanka. 2.1.2 Company This segment is about the togetherness which should be there among all departments so that the product will be delivered to the customer in the desired time. This process will be an incomplete process if there are disagreements between departments, which will result in a delay of not delivering the product to the customer on time (Pride.et.al, 2007). 2.1.3 Competitors There are two types of competitors that will affect the sales of Perodua Company which are direct and in direct competitors. 2.1.3 (a) Direct Competitors The companies which manufacture the same products within the same industry (Pride.et.al, 2007). For instance, Suzuki, Toyota and Proton are Perodua Companys direct competitors as the companies sell similar types of vehicles within the same industry. 2.1.3(b) Indirect Competitors Indirect competitors mean that when any company which competes for the same customer dollar (Pride.et.al, 2007). The indirect competitors for Perodua will be Toyota, Proton, Naza, Honda, BMW, and Mercedes. This is because they are also produce cars and they are also competing for the consumer dollars (Corporate Information, 2009). 2.1.4 Suppliers Suppliers could be defined as those who supply the necessary parts to build the product. The supplier influences the quality and delivery of the ended product. Suppliers should be from a reliable source and should be consistent at an arms reach (Pride.et.al, 2007). 2.1.5 Marketing Intermediaries Marketing Intermediaries is also known as the middle man. The mediating is usually done by a company in order to distribute or promote goods to the customer (Pride.et.al, 2007). The sales Manager stated that Giga Shipping Company transports all the Perodua Products worldwide. There is also a trailer company which provides trailer service to transport products around Malaysia (Personal Development Leadership, n.d). Besides marketing intermediaries, mediating can also be financially. As an example, EON bank, RHB Bank, Islam Bank act as a mediator in order to promote Peroduas cars. These companies provide a loan system so that the customers could have a minimum payment monthly and enjoy the same benefits of a comfortable car. 2.1.6 Publics Publics could be defined as a crowd of people who have an interest in a company and also who make an impact to an organization to achieve its objectives. Moreover, a company will take this consideration and try building up relationships and also offer helpfulness to these groups. There are the 7 types of publics such as local, media, citizen action, government, general, internal and financial (Pride.et.al, 2007). 2.1.6 (a) Local A community relations officer is appointed by the company to be present at meetings with the local publics (Pride.et.al, 2007). Perodua Myvi customer are eligible to join the club via (http://www.myviclub.com/). There is a public relations officer is appointed from Perodua Company regarding this club. On the other hand, the officer also can meet with the customer and makes interaction with the customer. 2.1.6 (b) Financial The company issues an annual publication which is the annual report which also includes the financial statements in the company. The shareholders were given by the company (Pride.et.al, 2007). All the Perodua Company share holders receive the annual report of the company in order to keep the shareholders informed about the financial status of the company (Corporate Information, 2010). 2.1.6 (c) Media Media can be described as a company would promote their product more with a positively media coverage (Pride.et.al, 2007). For example, Perodua Company promotes Perodua Myvi on television advertisements. The official advertisement is telecasted on television. Also, they also advertise the product on the World Wide Web (Corporate Information, 2010). 2.1.6 (d) General The general publics view in the company is called general (Pride.et.al, 2007). Through our research, most of the customer would like to view on the Perodua Company. Hence, positive or negative, it is basically what the customer thinks about the company. 2.2 Macro Environment The societal forces that influence the organizations ability to provide the customers are called macro environment factors which are 6 factors. 2.2.1 Political Legal The legislation and laws which influences the industry, marketers should be on watch out of the laws which can involve the company in the future (Pride.et.al, 2007). Since Perodua Company is fully owned by the government of Malaysia, the tax is already included in the price of the vehicle. Therefore, the government gets a sum of charges (Corporate Information, 2010). 2.2.2 Economic Environment The Economic environment investigates the disposable income levels. In addition, the economic conditions include the business cycle, inflation, interest rate and inflations rates (Pride.et.at, 2007). 2.2.2(a) Inflation Rate 2.2.3 Technological Environment 2.2.4 Demographic 2.2.5 Cultural 2.3 How the Company faces Threats and how they convert them to Opportunity The SWOT analysis is known as the tool to asses a companys Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threats. Strength and Weakness are known as internal factors while Opportunity and Threats are known as the positive conditions which could bring plunder to the company if acted in the necessary way. For Threats, it can be defined as the barriers which prevent the Company from reaching the companys objectives. When a company puts out a new product, there could be threats which come the companys way. Then the company should be ready with a defensive strategy to stand up against the threat and that strategy is known as Opportunity (Pride.et.at, 2007). After the release of Perodua Myvi, the company has faced several threats. So, to get rid of these threats of Perodua Company, Perodua Company came made that threats into opportunity by making up a strategic plan (Corporate Information, 2010). 2.3.1 The Entry to the Domestic Market The entrance of Perodua to the market was in the year of 1993 and it also result a massive change in the industry. Nissan and Toyota were dominating the market which result Perodua getting a small slice in the market. And Perodua got a boost because Indonesia. This is because they tend to sell about 500 Perodua Myvi cars in a month (paultan.org, 2010). 2.3.2 The Support Since Perodua was quite new to the domestic market, as mentioned previously there was also because of Indonesia. As a result of this undertaking of Indonesia, the workforce of Perodua was sent to Japan for a special training to learn more about engineering skills and assembling skills. This opportunity could be known as a Human Resource 2.3.3 The Competitors Perodua is known as the second National Car producer in Malaysia which is after Proton Company. But, the competitors to Perodua are from the domestic Market as well as the International Market. The Domestic competitors are named as Proton and Naza while the competitors from the international market are Toyota, BMW and Mercedes. Through these competitors are threats to the company, Peroduas strategic plan has kept them as the best car in the Malaysia up-to-date. Besides, Perodua Company is always on the watch out of product life cycle. So, if any company comes out with any new model, Perodua will try to modify the existing model or trying to put out a new model. All in all, company will always want to produce products according to customer trends and not company trends. If the company produces according to the company trends then the sales can go down. But, if the company acts according to the customer trends there can be good sales. 3.0 Target Market 3.1 Target Customer Characteristics Target market involves dividing a market into segments and then concentrating on marketing products on one or a few key segments (Pride.et.al, 2007). The target market of Perodua Myvi is segmented by demographic consumer such as the businessman who likes to work and it is convenient to them. Therefore, the comfort of the passenger is the main target. Also, the vehicle price of Perodua Myvi is affordable and reasonable for the customers which fulfill their demands too. Furthermore, the first target market strategy used is differentiated marketing. Differentiated market is the organization selects several market segments and designs different marketing mixes for each segment (Pride.et.al, 2007). The Perodua Company has used different strategy to attract different customers. Therefore, the Perodua Company offered the other vehicles for its different target segments to meet the customer demands. Some of the customers are looking for more convenient cars such as Perodua Viva while customers with big family would like to choose Perodua Alza. Another target market strategy used is undifferentiated marketing. The marketing mix, which are the 4Ps are the organization at the whole market. Besides, the organizations also used to avoid other segments from existing, the organization chooses to mass market (Pride.et.al, 2007). For example, 30 September of 2009, Citibank credit card deals have organized Perodua Myvi 10X rewards points Easy Pay Campaign. This is use to the customer can make a down payment by using the Citibank credit card and enjoy 0% interest on the customer down payment and 10X rewards point (Citibank Perodua Myvi 10X Rewards Points Easy Pay Campaign, 2009). While for the last target market strategy used is concentrated marketing. There are one or two segments will be selected by the company and a marketing mix for these few segments will be proposed (Pride.et.al, 2007). Therefore, the aim of Perodua Company use concentrated marketing strategy is not to maximize sales; it is efficiency, attracting a large portion of once section while controlling costs. 4.0 Product 4.1 Product Lines that are offered A product line is viewed as a unit because of marketing, technical or for end-use considerations, by groups of closely related product items (Pride.et.al, 2007). Perodua have released many models of Myvi to suit the different taste of the customers. Firstly, there is the original Myvi and now comes with another two different versions which is the Myvi SE and the Myvi EE (Exclusive Edition). Each of these models comes with a different pricing and specifications. 4.2 Core, Actual and Augmented When purchasing tangible product, the buyer will not only obtain the product itself, but also all the extra things that come together with the product. This is also known as total product. The total product of the item can be separated into three categories which are the core product, actual product and augmented product. 4.2.1 Core Product Core products are the essential benefits that the buyer want when purchasing the product. The actual benefit that the buyers get when purchasing a Perodua Myvi is transportation. Buying a Perodua Myvi allows the buyer can move around in a vehicle without depending on public transport. This allows the buyer to be able to travel to any destination at any time without relying on the rigid time frame of a public transport. 4.2.2 Actual Product Actual products are the fundamental expectation of the buyer of the product (Pride.et.al, 2007). The consumers most basic expectations from buying a Perodua Myvi are the style and design of the car. In the Perodua official website it is stated that the design of Perodua Myvi is a mix of classy and sporty characteristic (Perodua 2009). Besides that, there are many colours for the buyer to customize the Perodua Myvi to suit the their taste. The engine of Perodua is also manufactured in Japan by Daihatsu. The Perodua Myvi is also known to be more fuel efficient as compared to other cars sold in the market. It is said that Perodua Myvi Auto uses around 13.5 km per litre and the Perodua Myvi manual is clocked at approximately 17.1km per litre of petrol (Tan, P 2009). The Perodua Myvi is readily built with air-conditioner and entertainment system with the latest audio technology like mp3 and a USB reader (Perodua 2009). The consumer can have the option of the transmission of the car to be automatic or manual. To prevent the car from being stolen, Perodua Myvi is equipped with a security system which includes an engine immobiliser. The only way to unlock the immobilizer to start the car is by using the owners car keys. As a result, if somebody breaks into the car, they wont be able start the car by using duplicated keys or by tampering with the wires. 4.2.3 Augmented Product The augmented products are the additional services the consumer will receive when buying the product. The augmented product of buying a Perodua Myvi is that it easier to apply for a loan compared to other imported cars because it is a national car. Besides that, Perodua provide services like parts replacement and repair at their service centre. The spare parts of Perodua Myvi are also easily available compared to imported cars. Other than that, Perodua also provide an extended warranty service for free (Perodua, 2009). 4.3 Branding, Packaging, Labeling, Warranty, Customer Service 4.3.1 Branding (Shenron, 2009) Branding is a blend of a term, sign, name, symbol or design which is used to recognize and distinguish products and companies (Pride.et.al, 2007). Perodua has a small car like Myvi with a big future. Hence, Malaysias leading compact carmaker is always taken by Perodua. Besides, their management team still not really satisfied with their position at the top and their research and development facilities have given the most critical activity, innovation in design and creative engineering methods. Nowadays, Perodua is now able to deliver more stylish, unique, and cars with an attractive price to their consumers. This new brand statement, Building Cars, People First, is Peroduas new visual identity (Interbrand, 2010). Perodua expects to manage all their customers in harmony with their guiding vision. Besides, Perodua was at the position of seventh most valuable Malaysia brand in Interbrands 2007 survey and it looks set to continue get build up and enhance. This shows that Perodua try their very best to respond their customer satisfactory. 4.3.2 Warranties and Customer Services Perodua Company consists of customer service which is known as smart assist. In the even of a breakdown, members can call the toll free number: 1-800-88-5555. The call centre will dispatch a rescue team to the location of the vehicle. This service is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Besides, all the customer service agents practice a friendly, thoughtful, humble and committed routine to give their customers very best service. Furthermore, 1-hour Superservis also provided and this service is a speedy service package that comes with a money-back guarantee once the customers car is not serviced in one hour. While for the warranty period, Perodua Company has given 3-year/100,000km manufacturers warranty. For the extended warranty is plus 3-year/75,000km. ETP is stand for Extended Warranty Programme which is an extension of the Basic Warranty Coverage that comes with your Perodua by giving the customer an additional coverage period (Perodua, 2010). 4.3.3 Product life Cycle Product life cycle can be defined as progression of a product through development, introduction, growth, maturity and decline stage. 4.3.3 (a) Development Product development is the incubation stage of the product life cycle. There are no sales and the firm prepares to introduce the product. 4.3.3 (b) Introduction In introduction stage, the product has just appeared in the market with the company having little profit or the negative profit as there is only little consumer awareness on the product. In this stage, the company increases the awareness of the public about the product through promotion or advertising. The Perodua Myvi is marketed to the public through local mediums such as newspapers, radio and television. 4.3.3 (c) Growth During the growth stage, sales start to increase rapidly but the promotion costs are still high due to increasing consumer awareness thru advertising and etc. The growth stage is critical to a products survival because competitive reactions to the products success during this period will influence the products life expectancy. The profits begin to decline late in this stage as other car competitors enter the market with their own cars to compete with the Perodua Myvi. 4.3.3 (d) Maturity During maturity stage, the sale curve peaks as there are maximum sales and production efficiencies lead to maximum profits occurring in this stage. In this stage, the company will want to maintain the sales on the product. In keeping the maturity stage going for as long as possible, the company reintroduces the Perodua Myvi with versions and will also have a facelift. Example of this is the introduction of the Perodua Myvi SE to the market. 4.3.3 (e) Decline In the final stage, which is the decline stage, the sales will fall rapidly. This is because the sales and profits of the product decline. Therefore, the company needs to determine whether to retain or drop the product. The current Perodua Myvi is in a decline stage but is still doing well in the market as it is ranked the top selling car in the country in the compact segment for the third year running in the assessment conducted by J.D. Power Asia Pacific, therefore leading the Perodua Company to continue the production of the car. The graph above illustrates how the product life cycle of Perodua Myvi has reached the maturity stage where the company is making maximum profit from the sales of its product that is the Perodua Myvi. (Managing Products and Brand, n.d). 5.0 Pricing Price is the value exchanged for product in a marketing transaction but price is not always money (Pride.et.al, 2007). There are some pricing strategies that use in Perodua Myvi product. For example, optional product-pricing, psychological pricing and geographical pricing. The optional product-pricing is the pricing the accessory sold with the main product. For instance, car sells with the air-conditioning. While for the psychological pricing is the price set reflects the psychology of pricing and not just the costs. For example, $45900 instead of $46000. Lastly the Perodua company also use the geographical pricing strategies in the Perodua Myvi product. The geographical pricing is pricing products to customers in different parts of the country such as FOB (free on board) and Zone pricing. FOB means that the customers need to pay the freighter fee from the carrier to the final destination and zone pricing is the company set up one zones, the customer in the more distant zones (Pride. et.al, 2007). 5.1 Optional Product Pricing Type of carsThe Perodua Company uses the optional pricing in the Perodua Myvi product, which is the pricing the accessory sold with the main product. The Perodua Myvi is divided into eight type, Myvi 1.0L SR, Myvi 1.3L SX, Myvi 1.3L EZ, Myvi 1.3L SXi, Myvi 1.3L EZi, Myvi SE GHS, Myvi SE ZHS and Myvi 1.3 ZHL. The different accessory of Myvi contains different prices. The different prices are as shown in the table below: (Based on the price listed given in the catalogue) Colour Solid Metallic SMET Myvi 1.0L SR RM 40,721.80 RM41,240.20 Myvi 1.3L SX RM 45,450.20 RM 45,925.20 RM 46,325.20 Myvi 1.3L EZ RM 48,425.50 RM 48,900.20 RM 49300.20 Myvi 1.3L SXi RM48,225.50 RM48,700.20 RM49,100.20 Myvi 1.3L EZi RM 51,240.30 RM 51,700.20 RM52,100.20 Myvi SE GHS RM 51,926.00 RM52,401.00 RM52818.20 Myvi SE ZHS RM 54,940.00 RM 55,426.00 RM 55,826.00 Myvi 1.3 ZHL RM 51,000.00 RM 53,500.20 5.2 Psychological Pricing The psychological pricing is the price set reflects the psychology of pricing and not just the cost. It is also apply in the Perodua Myvi product. Example: (Based on the price list given the catalogue) Myvi 1.3L EZ (solid) RM 48,425.50 Myvi 1.3L EZ (Metallic) RM 48,900.20 Myvi 1.3L EZ (SMET) RM 49300.20 5.3 Geographical Pricing The geographical pricing is the pricing products to customers in different parts of the country. The Perodua Myvi contains different prices according at the different country or different zone. Example (Based on the price list given in the catalogue) The Perodua Myvis Price in Malaysia (1.3L EZi) The Perodua Myvis price in UK (1.3 EZi) RM 52,240.30  £7,499 In the table above shown that the Perodua price in United Kingdom is cheaper once the price convert to Malaysia dollars. The reason Perodua Myvis price in UK is more expensive than Malaysia is because of the sales tax in under vehicle pricing and special interest rate is included (Perodua-uk.com, n.d) 6.0 Distribution According to Perodua Company, there are many branches in Kuching such as at Satok Parade, Jalan Matang and others. The location of Perodua Company can be easily found in Kuching. On the other hand, the Perodua Company also has branches at the overseas country such as in United Kingdom. The Channel organization that is used by the Perodua Company is shown below: 6.1 Conventional Channels The Conventional channels consist of independent producers, wholesalers and retailers. They are all self business which are trying to maximize own profit (Pride.et.al, 2007). 6.2 Vertical Marketing Channels For the vertical marketing channels, the channel members work in a group rather than individually. It is either one who owns the others or they are in contract with each other or has so much power that they all corporate (Pride.et.al, 2007). 6.3 Horizontal Marketing System It is an arrangement with two or more companies at the same level linked together to follow a marketing chance (Pride.et.al, 2007). 7.0 Promotion 7.1 Promotion Goals Promotion is communication by marketers that informs, persuades and reminds potential buyers of a product in order to influence an opinion or to get a response. While inform is a communication used to increase understanding of new brand, or a new product. The company explain how the products function, and recommend the new application for product. The other goals of promotion, persuade the customer to buy now. Finally, remind is a task of retaining the customer knowledge and to call attention to the customers about the importance of the products for they might be used in the future (Pride.et.al, 2007). The promotion goal of Perodua Company in the Perodua Myvi product is inform. Perodua Myvi is still the good selling product in the market. It is convenient and suitable for businessman but also good for small family. In addition, Perodua Company gave information about the Perodua Myvi to society by using several methods, such as brochures, internet advertising through Perodua official websites, road show and many more (Pride.et.al, 2007). 7.2 Promotion Tools To communicate with individuals, groups and organisations, various promotional tactics have been used by Perodua. When Perodua merges specific plans used to manage the integrated marketing communications for Perodua Myvi, that combinations form the promotion mix for Perodua Myvi. Advertisement, personal selling and sales promotion some of the elements of promotion mix. The elements of the marketing communications mix Sources from: (Dolak,D 2009) The main promotion mix used by Perodua in promoting Perodua Myvi is advertisement. Advertisement is the activity of attracting public attention to a product or business, as by paid announcements in the print, broadcast, or electronic media (advertising, 2010). Advertisements used by Perodua are television, the internet, newspapers and prints. The benefit of using advertisement is that it can cover a wide range of audience but is very costly. Personal selling is defined as oral communication with potential buyers of a product with the intention of making a sale (promotion-personal selling, n.d). The advantage of this that it can influence the customer more compare to advertisement. The disadvantage is that it depends on the attitude and the skilfulness of the salesperson to convince the customer. Perodua Myvi is sold through direct selling which is face-to-face by using a sales person. The sales person who does not directly work for the company mostly can lower the price of Perodua Myvi to attract customers. This is because they can deduct the price using their commission. While buying from salesperson at the showroom is more convenient as everything is handled by them and also the quality of the service is much better. Sales promotion refers to many kinds of incentives and techniques directed towards consumers and traders with the intention to produce immediate or short-term sales effects (Definition of Sales Promotion, 2010). Perodua have created many sales promotions to aid in the sales of Perodua Myvi such as the scrapping programme which was scheduled on 1 April 2009. This promotion allows customers to trade-in their old car for a reduction of RM5000 off any Perodua cars (Perodua 2009). Another sales promotion is customers can buy a Perodua Myvi on loan for RM347 a month for the first 5 years. If they booked and registered a Myvi from 13 June to 31 July 2009, the customer is entitled to join their contest. 7.3 Communication Process The communication process is a process whereby the sender is marketing their product to the receiver who is the public and except some feedback from them. Interference in this process which prevents the message being conveyed to the receiver is called noise. One of the noises that can affect Perodua promotion is competitors message. Other automobile companies will also have their own promotions to attract customers. They will always try to convince the customers in believing that their product is better than the rest. When P